For smartphones and computers to become smaller and faster, technologies capable of precisely controlling electrical properties at the nanoscale—beyond what is visible to the naked eye—are essential.

Invented 30 years ago, the atomic force microscope has been a major driver of nanotechnology, ranging from atomic-scale imaging to its latest applications in manipulating individual molecules, ...

Force microscopy is a family of scanning probe microscopy techniques that enable the visualization and manipulation of materials at the nanoscale. These techniques rely on the interaction forces ...

Three distinct segment states were identified within a single polymer chain adsorbed on a surface: thermally activated, thermally suppressed, and a switching state that alternates between the two. The ...