Abstract: In this paper, we evaluate the usefulness of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) in tackling combinatorial optimization issues, focusing mainly on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). We present ...

Abstract: The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) asks for the shortest tour that visits each city once and returns to the start. It is a classic NP-hard problem and a benchmark for optimization, ...

Polyether polyol properties depend on initiator functionality, oxide type (EO/PO), and molecular-weight distributions, with formulated systems amplifying analytical complexity and ...

An 80-year-old maths conjecture that has eluded the world’s greatest mathematicians has been cracked by an artificial intelligence model built by OpenAI. The result has stunned experts and is being ...